Vocational education and management in emergency medical services

Professional self-reflection: Reflection on one's own actions in rescue service practice in the context of professional socialisation; introduction to socialisation theories; historical conditions for the professional construction of the rescue service; professionalisation in the rescue service

Study and career counselling: Lifelong learning; qualifications, skills, careers and career paths; career planning

Introduction to (emergency) medical science: basics of health sciences (historical development, definition of health and disease, theories and concepts of health and disease, health and disease models); disciplines of health sciences (basics and differences in health promotion and prevention, basics of epidemiology, basics of social epidemiology, health and care reporting, salutogenesis, empowerment, ICF, health inequality, social situation, life situation model)

Introduction to rescue sciences: basics of medical science (historical development in a national and international context, subject area and central questions); scientific theoretical foundations and significance for gaining knowledge; theories and models in conventional and alternative medicine; basics of epidemiology; basics of alternative and complementary medical therapy concepts and procedures

Evidence-based emergency care: Evidence in medical science; German Network for Evidence-based Medicine (DNEbM e. V.); external and internal evidence; evidence-based individual decisions for individual patients (EBID - Evidence-based individual decisions); evidence-based health care (EbHC - Evidence-Based Health Care); classification systems, e.g. Jadad scale, GRADE system (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation); Cochrane Collaboration

Guidelines, policies, algorithms: Technology assessment in medicine (HTA - Health Technology Assessments) and evidence-based guidelines in emergency services; national care guidelines; development, consensus and implementation of evidence-based expert standards; guidelines, policies, algorithms and recommendations

Preparation of scientific papers: Fundamentals of academic writing; finding a topic and developing a (research) question; developing an outline; content and formal aspects of writing a synopsis and manuscript; academic writing

Literature and database research: systematic literature research and research process; research strategies and techniques (library catalogues and specialist databases (national/international), journal databases (national/international), internet-based search and open access); evaluation of sources; handling academic literature; literature management

Private law framework conditions: Legal relationships between the rescue service company and patients (e.g. treatment contract, management without mandate); responsibility and civil liability in the rescue service; possession and ownership

Public and criminal law framework conditions: Rescue service as part of non-police emergency response; professional law fundamentals; health protection law (e.g. drug, narcotics, infection protection and medical device law); road traffic law; service and service provision law of statutory health insurance; fundamentals and principles of criminal law and criminal liability for offences in the rescue service

Non-pharmacological therapies: Model algorithms for implementing the so-called pyramidal process; Invasive and supportive measures to maintain or restore circulatory and respiratory function, e.g. supraglottic airway devices, endotracheal intubation, video intubation, non-invasive ventilation (NIV), e.g. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV), transthoracic pacemaker therapy, cardioversion, defibrillation, peripheral venous access, intraosseous access, thoracic decompression puncture and other procedures (usually as an assistant to the emergency doctor/emergency physician). as an assistant to the emergency physician), e.g. emergency coniotomy, various mechanical ventilation and respiratory support procedures, central venous access (e.g. Sheldon catheter), minor wound surgery, pericardiocentesis, emergency sonography (FAST)

Pharmacological therapies: Regulations for the use of medicines, labelling of medicines, forms of medicines, groups of medicines, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, handling of medicines. Drug groups, in particular emergency drugs (e.g. Acetylsalicylic acid, adrenaline, amiodarone, atropine, clemastine, diazepam, dimetindene, esketamine, furosemide, glucose 20%, glycerol trinitrate, heparin, ibuprofen, ipratropium bromide, lidocaine 2%, Lorazepam, metamizole, metoclopramide, midazolam, morphine, naloxone, N-butylscopolamine, nitrendipine, ondansetron, paracetamol, prednisolone, prednisone, ranitidine, salbutamol, urapidil)

Introduction to research theories: Theoretical foundations and paradigms; research approaches

Basic concepts of vocational education and training: development and subject matter of vocational education and training; education, training and socialisation; education and training as a science; vocational education and training as a sub-discipline of education and training; qualifications and competences

Theories and conditions of learning in vocational education and training: Functions of learning; Types of knowledge and taxonomy of learning objectives; Psychological and educational foundations of learning; Learning theories; Factors influencing learning

Institutions and structures: Organisation and structure of the German healthcare system; tasks of the institutions operating in the healthcare system; healthcare policy interests of the institutions; special features of healthcare demand and supply as well as their political and economic control

Demand planning and financing in the ambulance service: differentiation of the specific types of costs in the ambulance service; cost reimbursement regulations; presentation of external financing specific to cost bearers and internal sources of financing, planning and required scope of ambulance service provision; regulation of ambulance service provision through tendering and conclusion of public law contracts; calculation of charges

In the compulsory elective area, students complete a range of courses totalling 6 CP, located in the 2nd and 3rd semesters. Below is an excerpt from the faculty's catalogue of compulsory electives. The qualification objectives/competences and contents can be found in the respective compulsory elective subject descriptions. These are published on the faculty's homepage at the beginning of the semester according to the respective offer. In addition, courses from other degree programmes and courses from the university's comprehensive range of courses can be taken as compulsory electives. The Examination Board decides on recognition.

• the difficult airway course (TDAC)
• Emergency Medical Patients: Assessment, Care and Transport (EMPACT)
• Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
• Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)

• and more..

Applied communications engineering: technical communication; navigation and IT; current use and future developments of digital radio technology; radio communication of authorities and organisations with security tasks (BOS); radio message system (FMS), navigation

Medical informatics: Current fields of application of information technology in healthcare (e.g. electronic patient files, expert systems, networking in healthcare (e.g. e-care reports, telemedicine (e.g. tele-emergency doctor) and e-health in emergency services (e.g. telediagnostics, telematics, Stroke Angel and Cardio Angel, MSU - Mobile Stroke Unit, RFID in healthcare, Ambient Assisted Living), which are relevant to the everyday work of healthcare professionals

Intercultural competences: Diversity - levels and types of human diversity; gender aspects in medicine and nursing; intersectionality; forms of migration and their causes; migration from a historical and current perspective; culture shock and integration; culture-specific concepts of health and illness; models of intercultural care

Communication and conflict resolution: communication theories and models; dialogue management; conflict theories, conflict perception and interpretation, intercultural conflict resolution; methods of conflict resolution and de-escalation; guidance on self-reflection and self-control in conflicts.

Didactics: Concept and subject of didactics; basic principles of pedagogical action; scientific-theoretical positioning; dimensions of didactic competence; didactic models, introduction to media didactics

Methodology: teaching methods, methods of teaching and learning arrangements in vocational education and training (in initial, continuing and further training); justification of methodological decisions

Business management: subject matter, development and basic concepts of business administration; basics of financial accounting (balance sheet, profit and loss account); basics of financial management (instruments of internal and external financing, investment calculation);

Constitutive decisions: Decision-making process (goal formation, search for and evaluation of alternatives, decision), choice of legal form; choice of location; company mergers

In the compulsory elective area, students complete a range of courses totalling 6 CP, located in the 2nd and 3rd semesters. Below is an excerpt from the faculty's catalogue of compulsory electives. The qualification objectives/competences and contents can be found in the respective compulsory elective subject descriptions. These are published on the faculty's homepage at the beginning of the semester according to the respective offer. In addition, courses from other degree programmes and courses from the university's comprehensive range of courses can be taken as compulsory electives. The Examination Board will decide on recognition.

• the difficult airway course (TDAC)
• Emergency Medical Patients: Assessment, Care and Transport (EMPACT)
• Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
• Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)

• and more..

Qualitative social research: scientific theoretical foundations and research paradigm; qualitative research designs; research process and research methods; research ethics; quality criteria; mixed methods approaches

Quantitative social research: scientific theoretical foundations and research paradigm; quantitative research designs; research process and research methods; research ethics; quality criteria; basics of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics

Quality and clinical risk management: historical development of quality management; quality management principles, quality policy, total quality management, standards and guidelines, process model; quality models (e.g. DIN EN ISO 9000ff; EFQM; KTQ; JCI); organisation, structure and implementation of quality management systems in healthcare; motivation, techniques, observation, quality improvement projects and programmes, control of errors; systems of self-assessment and certification; audit types, internal audit, rules for audit practice; risk assessment, risk matrix, risk management

Patient safety: error occurrence, detection and prevention in the treatment and care process; patient safety management; recommendations for action on patient safety (WHO; APS); selected measures to increase patient safety; team resource management

Actors, learning locations and learning location cooperation: Tasks of teachers and basic forms of pedagogical action; basics of planning and designing teaching and learning arrangements (condition analysis and didactic structuring); didactic principles; communication in learning groups

Curriculum development: Fundamentals and framework conditions of curriculum development; qualification framework and core curricula; people involved, tasks and responsibilities; process of curriculum development

Vocational pedagogy in the emergency services: scientific foundations and subject matter of emergency pedagogy; legal foundations, organisation and structures of education in the emergency services; educational concepts in the context of education in the emergency services; settings of emergency pedagogical action, diversity and participation

Specialist didactics in the emergency services: Specialist didactic principles and points of reference; specialist didactic fields of action and research; points of reference for specialist didactic models and concepts in the emergency services (including casuistry, critical incident, competence-orientated approaches)

Service production: service process; service economics; service production (concept, features, characteristics of service); production management

Cost and activity accounting: basic concepts and tasks of internal accounting; cost types and cost accrual accounting; cost centre accounting with internal activity allocation and the cost allocation sheet; cost unit accounting; cost unit time accounting

Health economics: service economics; market and competition in the healthcare industry; framework conditions, special features of the demand and supply of healthcare goods, remuneration systems and remuneration procedures in the inpatient and outpatient healthcare industry; financing of the healthcare system

Health policy: market economy vs. state control, analysis of the need for reforms, possible approaches and instruments for designing and reforming healthcare systems, presentation, analysis and assessment of existing reform concepts

Extends over the 5th and 6th semesters with 4 ETCS each.

Project management: subject matter and special features of project management in the healthcare sector; methodological skills, e.g. project planning, project structuring, deadline and process management; practical problems in project work and approaches to solutions, particularly with regard to interdisciplinary teams

Reflective pedagogical professionalism: Aspects of pedagogical professionalism; professional identity, diagnostics of teaching and learning processes; reflection on pedagogical behaviour

Evaluation of learning processes, performance assessment and learning counselling: performance assessment and diagnostics; competence-oriented testing and assessment; teaching evaluation and evaluation of teaching and learning processes; feedback; functions and forms of performance assessment; criteria and sources of error in performance assessment; evaluation

Theory-led preparation, realisation and follow-up of

Teaching/learning situations: Pedagogical action in counselling, guidance and instruction processes; legal framework of practical guidance; planning and design of teaching and learning processes for learners; educational needs and learning opportunities; learning location design, learning location cooperation and networking of persons involved in the educational process; ensuring theory-practice transfer or practice-theory transfer

Simulation: Theoretical principles of simulation in training situations; simulation in initial, continuing and further vocational training; principles of simulation technology and methodology; equipping and operating a SimLab; planning, carrying out, documenting and analysing simulations

Theory-led preparation, implementation and follow-up of teaching and learning situations

/learning situations: Qualification and educational objectives as a basis for planning and designing teaching and learning processes; designing teaching and learning arrangements that promote skills in initial, continuing and further training; learning process support and counselling; learning location design, learning location cooperation and networking of the actors involved in the educational process

Microteaching: Systematic observation and evaluation of lessons; practical school exercises; theoretical principles of microteaching; carrying out, documenting and evaluating microteaching on selected lesson plans; theoretical principles of peer review; planning, testing and evaluating peer reviews

Extends over the 5th and 6th semesters with 4 ETCS each.

Project management: subject matter and special features of project management in the healthcare sector; methodological skills, e.g. project planning, project structuring, scheduling and process management; practical problems in project work and approaches to solutions, particularly with regard to interdisciplinary teams

Civil law and commercial law: Basic concepts of civil law and commercial law (e.g. entrepreneur, consumer, merchant, trading company); law of obligations and property law including special features of commercial law (e.g. purchase contract, commercial purchase, leasing, contract for work and labour, tort, possession and ownership)

Labour law: basics of individual labour law (e.g. establishment and termination of an employment relationship, rights and obligations of the employer and employee); basics of collective labour law (e.g. conclusion and significance of works agreements or service agreements and collective agreements)

Corporate organisation: Fundamentals of personnel management and corporate organisation; terminology, personnel and organisational theories, organisations as systems; design and control of organisations; task analysis, task synthesis; department formation; organisational integration and coordination

Personnel management: personnel planning; personnel recruitment; personnel selection; personnel deployment; personnel appraisal; personnel development; staff redundancies

Vehicle and equipment technology in the rescue service: organisation of the rescue service; rescue equipment and types of transport, for example types of rescue equipment and vehicles; behaviour in connection with rescue equipment, types of transport in the rescue service; equipment knowledge - application, developments and perspectives; operator and user obligations; measuring and monitoring equipment; digitalisation in the ambulance; control centre - developments and perspectives

Deployment planning and management: deployment planning and preparation; deployment tactics and organisation; hazard theory; people management in the rescue service; assistance in traffic accidents; mass casualty incidents (MANV)

Extends over the 5th and 6th semesters with 4 ETCS each.

Innovation and transfer project: In-depth independent examination of a task as part of a research or transfer project using scientific methods and project management methods under expert supervision

Fundamentals and prerequisites of digital teaching and learning: Terms, theories, models and concepts in the context of digital teaching and learning; digital competences; didactic design; didactic concepts and formats in the context of digital teaching and learning formats

Design of digital teaching and learning formats: Development, design and evaluation of digital learning opportunities and implementation of a learning environment; teaching and learning processes in virtual (learning) communities

Innovation and transfer project: In-depth independent examination of a task within the framework of a research or transfer project using scientific methods and project management methods under expert supervision

Management: Management systems and special features of management in healthcare facilities; change and risk management; analysis of management behaviour; management of groups, teams, employees; integrative management models

Controlling: tasks and functions of controlling; operational controlling: short-term income statement, budgeting, reporting, decision support, key figures; strategic controlling: strategic analysis, strategy development and evaluation, implementation, strategic control; specific instruments such as the balanced scorecard

Preparation of a Bachelor's thesis and presentation of the central findings, including critical reflection on the work and conducting a professional discussion; professional and personal statement on the topic; classification of one's own work in the context of studies and practice; the module content is determined by the thematic focus of the Bachelor's thesis